From b2bc62e83d4b6b5e49f28b22b1b7728c46dfa0b4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?J=2E=20Fernando=20S=C3=A1nchez?= <jf.sanchez@upm.es>
Date: Thu, 23 Jan 2025 15:39:40 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] Another prototype of maelstrom server with Tokio

---
 rust/tokioserde/Cargo.lock  | 598 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 rust/tokioserde/Cargo.toml  |  12 +
 rust/tokioserde/src/main.rs | 204 ++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 814 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 rust/tokioserde/Cargo.lock
 create mode 100644 rust/tokioserde/Cargo.toml
 create mode 100644 rust/tokioserde/src/main.rs

diff --git a/rust/tokioserde/Cargo.lock b/rust/tokioserde/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0d91bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/tokioserde/Cargo.lock
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diff --git a/rust/tokioserde/Cargo.toml b/rust/tokioserde/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..befa705
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/tokioserde/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[package]
+name = "tokioserde"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+anyhow = "1.0.95"
+serde = { version = "1.0.217", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.137"
+tokio = { version = "1.43.0", features = ["full"] }
+tracing = { version = "0.1.41", features = ["attributes"] }
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3.19", features = ["env-filter"] }
diff --git a/rust/tokioserde/src/main.rs b/rust/tokioserde/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..daadaa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/tokioserde/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+/// A prototype design for the implementation of Maelstrom services.
+/// It consists of the following main elements: 
+/// * Msg<P> - For messages with generic payload P
+/// * Transport Trait - A transport that can send and receive Msg<P>. The basic implementation is
+/// NewlineTransport.
+/// * MsgSender Trait - capable of sending Msg<P>. Transport should generate new senders through
+/// `clone_sender`.
+///
+use tokio::{
+    time::{sleep, Duration},
+    task::JoinHandle, 
+    sync::{oneshot, mpsc::{channel, Sender}}
+};
+use serde::{Serialize,Deserialize, de::DeserializeOwned};
+use serde_json::Value;
+use std::fmt::Debug;
+use tokio::io::{self, AsyncRead, BufReader, AsyncWrite, AsyncWriteExt, AsyncBufReadExt, Lines, BufWriter};
+use anyhow::{bail, Context, Result};
+use std::future::Future;
+use std::pin::{pin};
+use tracing::{instrument, info, debug, warn};
+use tracing_subscriber::{filter::EnvFilter};
+
+
+#[derive(Debug,Deserialize,Serialize)]
+struct Message {
+    body: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+struct Msg<P> {
+    src: u64,
+    dest: u64,
+    body: Body<P>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+struct Body<P>{
+    msg_id: Option<u64>,
+    in_reply_to: Option<u64>,
+    #[serde(flatten)]
+    payload: P
+}
+
+impl<P> Msg<P>
+where P: Serialize
+{
+    fn to_generic(&self) -> Result<Msg<Value>> {
+        Ok(Msg {
+            src: self.src.clone(),
+            dest: self.dest.clone(),
+            body: Body {
+                msg_id: self.body.msg_id.clone(),
+                in_reply_to: self.body.in_reply_to.clone(),
+                payload: serde_json::to_value(&self.body.payload)?
+            }
+        })
+
+    }
+
+}
+
+struct NewlineTransport<R> {
+    input: Lines<BufReader<R>>,
+    jh: JoinHandle<Result<()>>,
+    output: AckSender,
+}
+
+impl NewlineTransport<io::Stdin>
+{
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self::from_rw(io::stdin(), io::stdout())
+    }
+}
+
+type AckSender = Sender<(Msg<Value>, oneshot::Sender<Result<usize>>)>;
+
+impl<R> NewlineTransport<R>
+where 
+R: AsyncRead + Unpin,
+{
+    fn from_rw<W: AsyncWrite + Send + 'static>(r: R, w: W) -> Self {
+        let buf = io::BufReader::new(r);
+        let (output, mut rx) = channel::<(Msg<Value>, oneshot::Sender<Result<usize>>)>(1);
+        let jh = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let mut out = pin!(BufWriter::new(w));
+            let mut msg_id = 0; // This msg_id could be added to the Transport with an Arc or
+                                // similar.
+            while let Some((mut gen, back)) = rx.recv().await {
+                gen.body.msg_id = Some(msg_id);
+                msg_id += 1;
+                let s = serde_json::to_string(&gen).context("failed to serialize message")?;
+                let res = out.write(s.as_bytes()).await.context("failed to write");
+                out.flush().await?;
+                if let Err(res) = back.send(res) {
+                    bail!("failed to send result of sending: {res:?}");
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        });
+        Self {
+            input: buf.lines(),
+            jh,
+            output,
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+trait Transport {
+    fn clone_sender(&self) -> impl MsgSender + 'static;
+
+    fn close(self) -> impl Future<Output=Result<()>>;
+
+    fn recv<P: Debug + DeserializeOwned>(&mut self) -> impl Future<Output=Result<Option<Msg<P>>>>;
+}
+
+impl<R> Transport for NewlineTransport<R>
+where 
+R: AsyncRead + Unpin,
+{
+    fn clone_sender(&self) -> impl MsgSender + 'static {
+        self.output.clone()
+    }
+
+    async fn close(self) -> Result<()>{
+        drop(self.output);
+        self.jh.await?
+    }
+
+    #[instrument(skip(self),ret)]
+    async fn recv<P: Debug + DeserializeOwned>(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Msg<P>>> {
+        let Some(line) = self.input.next_line().await? else {
+            return Ok(None);
+        };
+        Ok(Some(serde_json::from_str::<Msg<P>>(&line)?))
+    }
+}
+
+trait MsgSender: Send {
+    fn send_msg<P: Serialize + Debug + Sync>(&mut self, m: &Msg<P>) -> impl Future<Output=Result<usize>> + Send;
+}
+
+
+impl MsgSender for AckSender {
+    #[instrument(skip(self),ret)]
+    async fn send_msg<P: Serialize + Debug + Sync>(&mut self, m: &Msg<P>) -> Result<usize> {
+        let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+        let generic = m.to_generic()?;
+        Sender::send(self, (generic, tx)).await.context("could not send message to sender")?;
+        rx.await.context("could not send ack")?
+    }
+}
+
+trait Service {
+    type P: Debug + DeserializeOwned + Serialize;
+    fn process(&mut self, m: Msg<Self::P>, s: impl MsgSender + 'static) -> impl Future<Output=Result<()>>;
+    fn serve<T: Transport>(mut self, mut t: T) -> impl Future<Output=Result<()>> 
+    where Self: Sized{
+        async move {
+            while let Some(m) = t.recv::<Self::P>().await? {
+                let mut s = t.clone_sender();
+                self.process(m, s).await?;
+            }
+            info!("Closing transport");
+            t.close().await.expect("should not panic");
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+}
+struct EchoService {}
+
+#[derive(Debug,Deserialize,Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "type")]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+enum EchoPayload {
+    Echo {
+        echo: String
+    },
+}
+
+impl Service for EchoService {
+    type P = EchoPayload;
+    async fn process(&mut self, m: Msg<Self::P>, mut s: impl MsgSender + 'static) -> Result<()> {
+        tracing::info!("Received: {m:?}");
+        tokio::spawn(async move {
+            sleep(Duration::from_millis(5000)).await;
+            s.send_msg(&Msg{src: 1, dest: 1, body: { Body { msg_id: Some(1), in_reply_to: None, payload: EchoPayload::Echo{ echo: String::from("Hello") }}}}).await.expect("sending failed");
+        });
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() -> Result<()>{
+    tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+        .with_env_filter(EnvFilter::from_default_env())
+        .with_writer(std::io::stderr)
+        .init();
+    let mut t = NewlineTransport::new();
+    let s = EchoService{};
+    s.serve(t).await
+}