clojure-koans/koans/about_maps.clj
2010-02-08 13:22:54 +08:00

49 lines
1.3 KiB
Clojure

(meditations
"Maps in clojure associate keys with values"
(= __ (.size (hash-map)))
"There are two ways to create maps"
(= {} (hash-map))
"A value must be supplied for each key"
(= {:a 1} (hash-map :a __))
"The size is the number of entries"
(= __ (.size {:a 1 :b 2}))
"You can look up the value for a given key"
(= __ (get {:a 1 :b 2} :b))
"Maps can be used as lookup functions"
(= __ ({:a 1 :b 2} :a))
"And so can keywords"
(= __ (:a {:a 1 :b 2}))
"But map keys need not be keywords"
(= __ ({2006 "Torino" 2010 "Vancouver" 2014 "Sochi"} 2010))
"You may not be able to find an entry for a key"
(= nil (get {:a 1 :b 2} :c))
"You can find out if a key is present"
(= __ (contains? {:a nil :b nil} :b))
"Or if it is missing"
(= __ (contains? {:a nil :b nil} :c))
"Maps are immutable, but you can create a new, 'changed' version"
(= {1 "January" 2 __} (assoc {1 "January" 2 "Febuary"} 2 "February"))
"You can also 'remove' an entry"
(= {__ __} (dissoc {1 "January" 2 "February"} 2))
"Often you will need to get the keys (which will be in hash order)"
(= (list __ __ __)
(sort (keys {2006 "Torino" 2010 "Vancouver" 2014 "Sochi"})))
"Or the values"
(= (list "Sochi" "Torino" __)
(sort (vals {2006 "Torino" 2010 "Vancouver" 2014 "Sochi"}))))