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<!doctype html><html lang=en-us dir=ltr><head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content='width=device-width,initial-scale=1'><meta name=description content="Zotero is an Open Source tool that lets you organise your bibliography, syncing it with the cloud. Unlike other alternatives such as Mendeley, Zotero can upload the attachments and data to a private cloud via WebDav.\nIf you use nginx as your web server, know that even though it provides partial support for webdav, Zotero needs more than that. Hence, you will need another webdav server, and optionally let nginx proxy to it. This short post provides the basics to get that set-up working under Debian/Ubuntu.\n"><title>Zotero</title>
<link rel=canonical href=https://balkian.com/p/zotero/><link rel=stylesheet href=/scss/style.min.663803bebe609202d5b39d848f2d7c2dc8b598a2d879efa079fa88893d29c49c.css><meta property='og:title' content="Zotero"><meta property='og:description' content="Zotero is an Open Source tool that lets you organise your bibliography, syncing it with the cloud. Unlike other alternatives such as Mendeley, Zotero can upload the attachments and data to a private cloud via WebDav.\nIf you use nginx as your web server, know that even though it provides partial support for webdav, Zotero needs more than that. Hence, you will need another webdav server, and optionally let nginx proxy to it. This short post provides the basics to get that set-up working under Debian/Ubuntu.\n"><meta property='og:url' content='https://balkian.com/p/zotero/'><meta property='og:site_name' content='J. Fernando Sánchez'><meta property='og:type' content='article'><meta property='article:section' content='Post'><meta property='article:tag' content='zotero'><meta property='article:tag' content='webdav'><meta property='article:tag' content='nginx'><meta property='article:tag' content='apache'><meta property='article:published_time' content='2014-12-09T12:12:12+00:00'><meta property='article:modified_time' content='2014-12-09T12:12:12+00:00'><meta name=twitter:title content="Zotero"><meta name=twitter:description content="Zotero is an Open Source tool that lets you organise your bibliography, syncing it with the cloud. Unlike other alternatives such as Mendeley, Zotero can upload the attachments and data to a private cloud via WebDav.\nIf you use nginx as your web server, know that even though it provides partial support for webdav, Zotero needs more than that. Hence, you will need another webdav server, and optionally let nginx proxy to it. This short post provides the basics to get that set-up working under Debian/Ubuntu.\n"><link rel="shortcut icon" href=/img/favicon.ico></head><body class=article-page><script>(function(){const e="StackColorScheme";localStorage.getItem(e)||localStorage.setItem(e,"auto")})()</script><script>(function(){const t="StackColorScheme",e=localStorage.getItem(t),n=window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches===!0;e=="dark"||e==="auto"&&n?document.documentElement.dataset.scheme="dark":document.documentElement.dataset.scheme="light"})()</script><div class="container main-container flex on-phone--column extended"><aside class="sidebar left-sidebar sticky"><button class="hamburger hamburger--spin" type=button id=toggle-menu aria-label="Toggle Menu">
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</a><span class=emoji>💭</span></figure><div class=site-meta><h1 class=site-name><a href=/>J. Fernando Sánchez</a></h1><h2 class=site-description>My ramblings and reflections</h2></div></header><ol class=menu-social><li><a href=https://github.com/CaiJimmy/hugo-theme-stack target=_blank title=GitHub rel=me><svg class="icon icon-tabler icon-tabler-brand-github" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentcolor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M9 19c-4.3 1.4-4.3-2.5-6-3m12 5v-3.5c0-1 .1-1.4-.5-2 2.8-.3 5.5-1.4 5.5-6a4.6 4.6.0 00-1.3-3.2 4.2 4.2.0 00-.1-3.2s-1.1-.3-3.5 1.3a12.3 12.3.0 00-6.2.0C6.5 2.8 5.4 3.1 5.4 3.1a4.2 4.2.0 00-.1 3.2A4.6 4.6.0 004 9.5c0 4.6 2.7 5.7 5.5 6-.6.6-.6 1.2-.5 2V21"/></svg></a></li><li><a href=https://git.sinpapel.es/balkian target=_blank title=gitea rel=me><svg viewBox="0 0 640 640" width="32" height="32"><path d="m395.9 484.2-126.9-61c-12.5-6-17.9-21.2-11.8-33.8l61-126.9c6-12.5 21.2-17.9 33.8-11.8 17.2 8.3 27.1 13 27.1 13l-.1-109.2 16.7-.1.1 117.1s57.4 24.2 83.1 40.1c3.7 2.3 10.2 6.8 12.9 14.4 2.1 6.1 2 13.1-1 19.3l-61 126.9c-6.2 12.7-21.4 18.1-33.9 12" style="fill:#fff"/><path d="M622.7 149.8c-4.1-4.1-9.6-4-9.6-4s-117.2 6.6-177.9 8c-13.3.3-26.5.6-39.6.7v117.2c-5.5-2.6-11.1-5.3-16.6-7.9.0-36.4-.1-109.2-.1-109.2-29 .4-89.2-2.2-89.2-2.2s-141.4-7.1-156.8-8.5c-9.8-.6-22.5-2.1-39 1.5-8.7 1.8-33.5 7.4-53.8 26.9C-4.9 212.4 6.6 276.2 8 285.8c1.7 11.7 6.9 44.2 31.7 72.5 45.8 56.1 144.4 54.8 144.4 54.8s12.1 28.9 30.6 55.5c25 33.1 50.7 58.9 75.7 62 63 0 188.9-.1 188.9-.1s12 .1 28.3-10.3c14-8.5 26.5-23.4 26.5-23.4S547 483 565 451.5c5.5-9.7 10.1-19.1 14.1-28 0 0 55.2-117.1 55.2-231.1-1.1-34.5-9.6-40.6-11.6-42.6M125.6 353.9c-25.9-8.5-36.9-18.7-36.9-18.7S69.6 321.8 60 295.4c-16.5-44.2-1.4-71.2-1.4-71.2s8.4-22.5 38.5-30c13.8-3.7 31-3.1 31-3.1s7.1 59.4 15.7 94.2c7.2 29.2 24.8 77.7 24.8 77.7s-26.1-3.1-43-9.1m300.3 107.6s-6.1 14.5-19.6 15.4c-5.8.4-10.3-1.2-10.3-1.2s-.3-.1-5.3-2.1l-112.9-55s-10.9-5.7-12.8-15.6c-2.2-8.1 2.7-18.1 2.7-18.1L322 273s4.8-9.7 12.2-13c.6-.3 2.3-1 4.5-1.5 8.1-2.1 18 2.8 18 2.8L467.4 315s12.6 5.7 15.3 16.2c1.9 7.4-.5 14-1.8 17.2-6.3 15.4-55 113.1-55 113.1" style="fill:#609926"/><path d="M326.8 380.1c-8.2.1-15.4 5.8-17.3 13.8s2 16.3 9.1 20c7.7 4 17.5 1.8 22.7-5.4 5.1-7.1 4.3-16.9-1.8-23.1l24-49.1c1.5.1 3.7.2 6.2-.5 4.1-.9 7.1-3.6 7.1-3.6 4.2 1.8 8.6 3.8 13.2 6.1 4.8 2.4 9.3 4.9 13.4 7.3.9.5 1.8 1.1 2.8 1.9 1.6 1.3 3.4 3.1 4.7 5.5 1.9 5.5-1.9 14.9-1.9 14.9-2.3 7.6-18.4 40.6-18.4 40.6-8.1-.2-15.3 5-17.7 12.5-2.6 8.1 1.1 17.3 8.9 21.3s17.4 1.7 22.5-5.3c5-6.8 4.6-16.3-1.1-22.6 1.9-3.7 3.7-7.4 5.6-11.3 5-10.4 13.5-30.4 13.5-30.4.9-1.7 5.7-10.3 2.7-21.3-2.5-11.4-12.6-16.7-12.6-16.7-12.2-7.9-29.2-15.2-29.2-15.2s0-4.1-1.1-7.1c-1.1-3.1-2.8-5.1-3.9-6.3 4.7-9.7 9.4-19.3 14.1-29-4.1-2-8.1-4-12.2-6.1-4.8 9.8-9.7 19.7-14.5 29.5-6.7-.1-12.9 3.5-16.1 9.4-3.4 6.3-2.7 14.1 1.9 19.8z" style="fill:#609926"/></svg></a></li><li><a href='https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=JLNusZ8AAAAJ&amp;hl=en' target=_blank title="Google scholar" rel=me><svg aria-label="Google Scholar" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><rect width="512" height="512" rx="15%" fill="#4285f4"/><path fill="#fff" d="M213 111l-107 94h69c5 45 41 64 78 67-7 18-4 27 7 39-43 1-103 26-103 67 4 45 63 54 92 54 38 1 81-19 90-54 4-35-10-54-31-71-23-18-28-28-21-40 15-17 35-27 39-51 2-17-2-28-6-43l45-38-1 16c-3 2-5 6-5 9v103c2 13 22 11 23 0V160c0-3-2-7-5-8v-25l16-16zm58 141c-61 10-87-87-38-99 56-11 83 86 38 99zm-5 73c60 13 61 63 10 78-44 9-82-4-81-30 0-25 35-48 71-48z"/></svg></a></li></ol><ol class=menu id=main-menu><li><a href=/><svg class="icon icon-tabler icon-tabler-home" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentcolor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"/><polyline points="5 12 3 12 12 3 21 12 19 12"/><path d="M5 12v7a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2v-7"/><path d="M9 21v-6a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2v6"/></svg>
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<span>Dark Mode</span></li></ol></li></ol></aside><aside class="sidebar right-sidebar sticky"><section class="widget archives"><div class=widget-icon><svg class="icon icon-tabler icon-tabler-hash" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentcolor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"/><line x1="5" y1="9" x2="19" y2="9"/><line x1="5" y1="15" x2="19" y2="15"/><line x1="11" y1="4" x2="7" y2="20"/><line x1="17" y1="4" x2="13" y2="20"/></svg></div><h2 class="widget-title section-title">Table of contents</h2><div class=widget--toc><nav id=TableOfContents><ol><li><a href=#setting-up-apache>Setting up Apache</a></li><li><a href=#setting-up-nginx>Setting up NGINX</a></li><li><a href=#extras>Extras</a></li></ol></nav></div></section></aside><main class="main full-width"><article class=main-article><header class=article-header><div class=article-details><div class=article-title-wrapper><h2 class=article-title><a href=/p/zotero/>Zotero</a></h2></div><footer class=article-time><div><svg class="icon icon-tabler icon-tabler-calendar-time" width="56" height="56" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentcolor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"/><path d="M11.795 21H5a2 2 0 01-2-2V7a2 2 0 012-2h12a2 2 0 012 2v4"/><circle cx="18" cy="18" r="4"/><path d="M15 3v4"/><path d="M7 3v4"/><path d="M3 11h16"/><path d="M18 16.496V18l1 1"/></svg>
<time class=article-time--published>09 Dec 2014</time></div><div><svg class="icon icon-tabler icon-tabler-clock" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentcolor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"/><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="9"/><polyline points="12 7 12 12 15 15"/></svg>
<time class=article-time--reading>2 minute read</time></div></footer></div></header><section class=article-content><p><a class=link href=https://www.zotero.org/ target=_blank rel=noopener>Zotero</a> is an Open Source tool that lets you
organise your bibliography, syncing it with the cloud. Unlike other
alternatives such as <a class=link href=http://www.mendeley.com target=_blank rel=noopener>Mendeley</a>, Zotero can
upload the attachments and data to a private cloud via WebDav.</p><p>If you use nginx as your web server, know that even though it provides
partial support for webdav, Zotero needs more than that. Hence, you will
need another webdav server, and optionally let nginx proxy to it. This
short post provides the basics to get that set-up working under
Debian/Ubuntu.</p><h2 id=setting-up-apache>Setting up Apache</h2><p>First we need to install Apache:</p><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo apt-get install apache2
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><p>Change the head of &ldquo;/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default&rdquo; to:</p><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-apache data-lang=apache><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nt>&lt;VirtualHost</span> <span class=s>*:880</span><span class=nt>&gt;</span>
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><p>Then, create a file /etc/apache2/sites-available/webdav:</p><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt> 1
</span><span class=lnt> 2
</span><span class=lnt> 3
</span><span class=lnt> 4
</span><span class=lnt> 5
</span><span class=lnt> 6
</span><span class=lnt> 7
</span><span class=lnt> 8
</span><span class=lnt> 9
</span><span class=lnt>10
</span><span class=lnt>11
</span><span class=lnt>12
</span><span class=lnt>13
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-apache data-lang=apache><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nb>Alias</span> <span class=sx>/dav</span> <span class=sx>/home/webdav/dav</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nt>&lt;Location</span> <span class=s>/dav</span><span class=nt>&gt;</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nb>Dav</span> <span class=k>on</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nb>Order</span> Allow,Deny
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nb>Allow</span> from <span class=k>all</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nb>Dav</span> <span class=k>On</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nb>Options</span> +Indexes
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nb>AuthType</span> Basic
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nb>AuthName</span> DAV
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nb>AuthBasicProvider</span> file
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nb>AuthUserFile</span> <span class=sx>/home/webdav/.htpasswd</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nb>Require</span> valid-user
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nt>&lt;/Location&gt;</span>
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><p>Ideally, you want your webdav folders to be private, adding
authentication to them. So you need to create the webdav and zotero
users and add the passwords to an htpasswd file. Even though you could
use a single user, since you will be configuring several clients with
your credentials I encourage you to create the zotero user as well. This
way you can always change the password for zotero without affecting any
other application using webdav.</p><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span><span class=lnt>2
</span><span class=lnt>3
</span><span class=lnt>4
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo adduser webdav
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo htpasswd -c /home/webdav/.htpasswd webdav
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo htpasswd /home/webdav/.htpasswd zotero
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo mkdir -p /home/webdav/dav/zotero
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><p>Enable the site and restart apache:</p><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span><span class=lnt>2
</span><span class=lnt>3
</span><span class=lnt>4
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo a2enmod webdav
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo a2enmod dav_fs
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo a2ensite webdav
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo service apache2 restart
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><p>At this point everything should be working at
<a class=link href=http:// target=_blank rel=noopener>http://</a>&lt;your_host>:880/dav/zotero</p><h2 id=setting-up-nginx>Setting up NGINX</h2><p>After the Apache side is working, we can use nginx as a proxy to get
cleaner URIs. In your desired site/location, add this:</p><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span><span class=lnt>2
</span><span class=lnt>3
</span><span class=lnt>4
</span><span class=lnt>5
</span><span class=lnt>6
</span><span class=lnt>7
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-nginx data-lang=nginx><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>location</span> <span class=s>/dav</span> <span class=p>{</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=kn>client_max_body_size</span> <span class=s>20M</span><span class=p>;</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=kn>proxy_set_header</span> <span class=s>X-Real-IP</span> <span class=nv>$remote_addr</span><span class=p>;</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=kn>proxy_set_header</span> <span class=s>X-Forwarded-For</span> <span class=nv>$remote_addr</span><span class=p>;</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=kn>proxy_set_header</span> <span class=s>Host</span> <span class=nv>$host</span><span class=p>;</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=kn>proxy_pass</span> <span class=s>http://127.0.0.1:880</span><span class=p>;</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=p>}</span>
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><p>Now just reload nginx:</p><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo service nginx force-reload
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><h2 id=extras>Extras</h2><ul><li><a class=link href=http://zoteroreader.com/ target=_blank rel=noopener>Zotero Reader</a> - HTML5 client</li><li><a class=link href=https://github.com/ajlyon/zandy target=_blank rel=noopener>Zandy</a> - Android Open Source
client</li></ul></section><footer class=article-footer><section class=article-tags><a href=/tags/zotero/>Zotero</a>
<a href=/tags/webdav/>Webdav</a>
<a href=/tags/nginx/>Nginx</a>
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